一、Robot Framework接口测试介绍
接口测试，无非就是通过http请求需要测试的接口，不同接口的数据准备包括：url,domain,header,cookie,param/data等等。
返回值，一般是json/text/xml，我们要做的就是多了些数据转换操作，不同接口处理起来大同小异。
二、接口测试脚本示例
引用Library
requests json RequestsLibrary Collections SeleniumLibrary #要使用cookie的话需要打开浏览器
1、先创建resource，稍微封装一下
查询、更新CPS订单接口示例.txt
*** Settings ***
Library requests
Library json
Library RequestsLibrary
Library Collections
Library SeleniumLibrary
*** Keywords ***
接口查询CPS订单
[Arguments] ${pageIndex} ${pageSize}
#API说明 http://localhost:777/HelpPage/Help/Api/GET-v2-Order-GetCPSOrderList
${apiurl} set variable /v2/Order/GetCPSOrderList
${params} set variable pageIndex=${pageIndex}&pageSize=${pageSize}
${fullurl} set variable ${apiurl}?${params}
#comment 访问GET接口地址：${fullurl}
log ................................................................................
log 访问GET接口地址：${fullurl}
log ................................................................................
${response} api接口请求 "get" ${apiurl} getparams=${params}
${jsonData} to json ${response.content}
#${dict} get dictionary items ${jsonData}
${dict} set variable ${jsonData}
log ................................................................................
log 返回结果Json：${dict}
log ................................................................................
log data = ${dict["data"]}
${data} Get From Dictionary ${dict} data
${totalCount} get from dictionary ${data} totalCount
${cpsOrderList} get from dictionary ${data} cpsOrderList
log ................................................................................
log 返回json解析数据：totalCount=${totalCount} cpsOrderList=${cpsOrderList}
log ................................................................................
Delete All Sessions
[Return] ${totalCount} ${cpsOrderList} # 返回总数量和订单列表
接口更新CPS订单
[Arguments] ${OrderId} ${CPSFee} ${CpsOrderStatus}
#API说明 http://localhost:777/HelpPage/Help/Api/POST-v2-Order-UpdateCPSOrderStatus
${apiurl} set variable /v2/Order/UpdateCPSOrderStatus
${dictParams} Create Dictionary OrderId=${OrderId} CPSFee=${CPSFee} CpsOrderStatus=${CpsOrderStatus}
${listParams} Create List ${dictParams}
log ................................................................................
log 参数：${listParams}
log ................................................................................
${response} api接口请求 "post" ${apiurl} postdata=${listParams}
${content} to json ${response.content}
#${Success} set variable ${true}
${Success} Get From Dictionary ${content} success
${message} Get From Dictionary ${content} message
log ................................................................................
log 返回结果：success=${Success} message=${message}
log ................................................................................
Delete All Sessions
Should Be True ${Success}==${true}
[Return] ${Success} # 是否成功
api接口请求
[Arguments] ${method} ${url} ${postdata}=${None} ${getparams}=${None}
[Documentation] api接口请求
comment 接口域名地址，不含http://
${domain} set variable api.test.com
comment 模拟ApigeeHeader安全验证串
${token} set variable uTnm9QSxFpcAd=
comment 组建header信息
${headers} Create Dictionary token=${token} host=${domain} Content-Type=application/json
comment 从浏览器取cookie,需要打开浏览器
#${cookies} get cookies
#${cookies} set variable
comment 下面两种方式可以连接字符串
#${httpDomain} set variable http://${domain}
#${httpDomain} catenate SEPARATOR= http:// ${domain}
comment 创建本次api请求的session会话信息
create session api http://${domain} ${headers}
comment 最简单的get请求方式，也可以实现get请求，就是没地方加header参数
#${response} requests.get ${fullurl}
comment 请求接口并返回响应结果，判断get就调用 Get Request请求接口,否则调用Post Request请求接口
${response}= run keyword if ${method} == "get" Get Request api ${url} headers=${headers}
... params=${getparams}
... ELSE Post Request api ${url} headers=${headers} data=${postdata}
[Return] ${response} # 接口返回内容
其实，最重要的就是3行：
${response}= run keyword if ${method} == "get" Get Request api ${url} headers=${headers}
... params=${getparams}
... ELSE Post Request api ${url} headers=${headers} data=${postdata}2、创建 Suite，创建测试用例
*** Settings ***
Resource ../../../Resource/接口/webapi/查询、更新CPS订单接口示例.txt
Resource ../../../Resource/公用/DB.txt
Resource ../../../Resource/MAG后台/公用.txt
*** Test Cases ***
查询CPS订单内容、更新CPS订单
[Documentation] 1、执行数据库更新SQL
... 2、查询数据库并判断
... 3、访问CPS订单接口
... 4、开始通过接口循环更新CPS订单
... 4.1 单个CPS订单更新结果判断
... 5、循环更新CPS订单结束
comment 1、执行数据库更新SQL
执行SQLSERVER ${None} update orders set CpsOrderStatus=-2 where orderid in(2706802,2706801);
comment 2、查询数据库并判断
${queryresult} 查SQLSERVER ${None} select OrderId,CpsOrderStatus from orders where orderid in(2706802,2706801);
${resultcount}= Get Length ${queryresult}
: FOR ${index} IN RANGE 0 ${resultcount}
\ ${data} Get From List ${queryresult} ${index}
\ ${orderid} convert to string ${data[0]}
\ log ${data}
\ log ${queryresult[${index}][0]}
Should Be Equal As Integers 2 ${resultcount}
comment 3、访问CPS订单接口
${totalCount} ${cpsOrderList} 接口查询CPS订单 1 20
${OrderId} set variable ${None}
${CPSFee} set variable ${None}
${CpsOrderStatus} set variable ${None}
${list} set variable ${cpsOrderList} #Convert To List
log CPS未处理订单数量：${totalCount}
comment 4、开始通过接口循环更新CPS订单
: FOR ${index} IN RANGE 0 ${totalCount}
\ log 循环list索引：${index}
\ ${data} Get From List ${list} ${index}
\ run keyword if ${data}==${None} exit for loop
\ ${OrderId} Get From Dictionary ${data} orderId
\ ${CPSFee} set variable 0.2
\ ${CpsOrderStatus} Get From Dictionary ${data} cpsOrderStatus
\ ${Success} 接口更新CPS订单 ${OrderId} ${CPSFee} ${CpsOrderStatus}
\ comment 4.1 单个CPS订单更新结果判断
\ Should Be Equal As Strings ${true} ${Success}
comment 5、循环更新CPS订单结束
3、测试用例执行结果
（点击弹出大图）：
附注意事项：
Content-Type 区分大小写，而且有问题比较难查，因为post数据时，封装方法内部是判断Content-Type来把参数转换为对应的格式。
其他字段，最好严格按原始的大小写，不要随意更改
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